Mechanism family
Neuromodulation The atlas's one deliberate exception, defined by neural action rather than carrier. It holds 40 Hz GENUS gamma entrainment (delivered through light and sound), biofeedback, and audio-guided sensory-psychological loops delivered by the enclosure — where a physical carrier and a specified neural action both exist. It does not hold an intervention with no physical carrier at all: a practitioner's suggestion, talk or hypnosis is not a device modality and fails deliverability. LIFU has moved to the Acoustic family — its carrier is ultrasound, so keeping it here was an exception the atlas no longer needs. rTMS stays Electromagnetic; tDCS / tACS / taVNS stay Electroceuticals, where the carrier is the mechanism.
40 Hz / GENUS Gamma Sensory Stimulation (light+sound) GENUS uses rhythmic 40 Hz light and sound to entrain gamma-band neural oscillations, primarily explored as a potential intervention in Alzheimer's disease. The underlying mechanism is real and measurable — EEG-confirmed gamma entrainment, with amyloid and atrophy signals demonstrated in mice — but human efficacy remains unestablished, resting on small feasibility and pilot trials. Epistemically it sits at the early end of legitimate clinical investigation: a genuine neurophysiological phenomenon whose disease-modifying value in people is still being tested, not yet demonstrated. Insufficient evidence / under study grade CHRV Biofeedback (Resonance Breathing, ~0.1 Hz) The honest ceiling of the 'sensor + frequency' idea: a real measured signal, a defined active ingredient — resonance breathing at ~0.1 Hz — and a meta-analytic effect on anxiety and stress. The biofeedback loop GUIDES the breathing; the breathing is the mechanism. It belongs in the same atlas as the devices that claim a real signal, a defined mechanism, and a measured effect — and have none. Evidence-supported grade BNeurofeedback (EEG-Based) The instructive counter-case to HRV biofeedback: a real EEG signal and a real training loop, but in ADHD — its best-studied indication — the benefit largely disappears under blinded assessment. Real signal, real loop, and an effect that tracks who is doing the rating. Keep it adjacent to HRV biofeedback; the two are mirror images. Insufficient evidence / under study grade C/D
This is an evidence atlas — a map, not a marketplace and not medical advice. It reports the mechanism, evidence grade, and regulatory status of the modalities it catalogues, including the views and claims of third parties, with sources cited where they exist. Regulatory registration or clearance is a market-access fact, never proof of efficacy. Nothing here is an endorsement, a diagnosis, or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified clinician before making any health decision.
Evidence grades reflect the position of scientific consensus on the available evidence and may change. All trademarks belong to their respective owners; cited material remains the property of its authors.
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